White Privilledge

Relocation and globalization have energized the development of multi-racial networks. These variables have contributed emphatically towards social decent variety. Be that as it may, they have added to issues of prejudice and segregation (Schaefer, 2011). This paper dissects the issue of white benefit. This issue has been infamous for starting clashes between races in the in America. This paper centers around an article, â€Å"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack† by Peggy McIntosh to investigate this issue.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on White Privilledge explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Individuals utilize the term â€Å"white† to allude to individuals of Caucasian plunge. Further, they have instituted the term â€Å"white privilege† to allude to the preferences, advantages, rights, and insusceptibilities allowed to and delighted in by white individuals, which are not accessible to others in the network. McIntosh alludes to white benefit as an undetectable rucksack. As indicated by her, white benefit is equivalent to a weightless rucksack of uncommon arrangements, maps, identifications, codebooks, visas, garments, devices, and limitless tickets to ride (McIntosh, 1988). In her article, she clarifies that white individuals see the issue white benefit as an advantage that puts different races off guard and not as an advantage, which puts the white individuals at a bit of leeway. She reports that white individuals are now and again oblivious to their severe nature. McIntosh contends that white individuals have benefits that they don't use completely. For instance, opportunity to live in any area, being the larger part, and numerous open doors among others. I concur with Ms. McIntosh. This is on the grounds that the thought she presents about the white benefit is valid. White individuals grow up realizing that their regular benefits serve to detriment others. This implies they need to guarantee that their conduct, clothing standard, and discourse among others are racially unbiased. For the white individuals, it is consistently about caring not to hurt different races as opposed to appreciating the advantages of being white. Be that as it may, whites ought to figure out how to take a gander at the benefits they have as an advantage to them (Barlas, et al, 2012). Despite the fact that being African-American or Latino has numerous drawbacks, it has a few benefits. These races appreciate a few advantages that are inaccessible to the white individuals. These races are progressively lenient, have various encounters, and brag of a rich history and culture. Skin shading and history of mistreatment of African-Americans and Latinos go about as a benefit for them. For example, if there is a contention between a white individual and an African-American or Latino issues of prejudice come up. Clearly, such a circumstance favors the African-American or Latino when contrasted wi th the Caucasian.Advertising Looking for exposition on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are similitudes between the whites, African-Americans, and Latinos as far as their encounters, customs, and properties. This is on the grounds that the individual races share the equivalent topographical condition. These gatherings carry on distinctively as far as the manner in which they identify with their encounters and customs. Be that as it may, these races identify with the traditions similarly. What's more, these two gatherings have experienced lovely and terrible encounters because of their races. Assuming white individuals were not the transcendent gathering in the U.S, the general public would even now have some benefit issues. For example, they would have issues identifying with sexual orientation, religion, and instruction among others. Be that as it may, the ground for getting benefits would be progressivel y level. Issues encompassing benefits will consistently develop in the American culture. This implies a few people will have focal points while others will have weaknesses. People ought to make the most of their benefits yet abstain from putting others off guard. References Barlas, C., Kasl, E., MacLeod, A., Paxton, D., Rossenwasser, Penny, and Sartor, LindaPenny. (2012). Imparting about Race and White Privilege with Critical Humility . White on White 2(1) , 1-19. McIntosh, P. (1988). Unloading the Invisible Knapsack. White Privilege 49(2) , 1-5. Schaefer, R. (2011). Racial and Ethnic Groups (thirteenth Ed.). New Jersey: Pearson. This paper on White Privilledge was composed and put together by client Bright Hen to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Shakespeare Essays (846 words) - William Shakespeare, Love Stories

Shakespeare Shakespeare In the time of 1564 the man known as William Shakespeare was conceived, in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. The specific date of birth is obscure yet is customarily celebrated on the 23 of April. To Englanders this day is known as The Feast of St. George. The third-conceived of eight kids to John Shakespeare and Mary Arden Shakespeare, William was their oldest child. John Shakespeare was a glove-creator and a leather treater. Prior in his life John had served a term as the city hall leader of Stratford, was a town councilman, one of Stratford's judges of harmony, and a lager tester. John, lamentably, couldn't compose. In 1601, when William was 37 years of age, John Shakespeare passed on. William acquired what little parts of land John had gone to claim in the course of his life, being the oldest of John and Mary's children. Next to no is thought about Mary Arden Shakespeare's life. Despite the fact that, she is known to have originated from an affluent family. Mary's family likewise paid John a charitable share. William Shakespeare went to a magnificent sentence structure school in Stratford-upon-Avon. Two Oxford graduates were educators there. Shakespeare was blessed to get them two as instructors. Their names were Simon Hunt and Thomas Jenkins. William Studied the dialects of Greek and Latin. He had likewise procured a well honed consciousness of both humanity and nature. This is accepted to be his last sort of formal training. On the day November 27, 1582, when Shakespeare was a minor 18 years old, he was marry to Anne Hathaway. She was 28 when they got hitched. Their first youngster was a young lady by the name of Susanna, conceived May 26, 1583. After two years William and Anne had twins named Judith and Hamnet. Shockingly, Hamnet kicked the bucket at 11 years old. It isn't known why he kicked the bucket Between the long stretches of 1585 and 1592 there is no proof of Shakespeare's or the remainder of his family's lives. The Hidden Years are what many call this timeframe in Shakespeare's life. It is accepted that he may have been running from the law or was the student of a butcher. A man named John Aubry was told by another man by the name of Christopher Beston that Shakespeare was just filling in as a teacher in London up until 1592. Starting in the year 1592, in London, he was beginning to get known as a built up writer. In 1593 Henry Wriothsley became William Shakespeare's benefactor and support. Shakespeare was likewise an essayist, chief, on-screen character, and investor in The King's Men organization. William was representing this organization, which turned into the world's biggest and most well known acting organization simply because Shakespeare was acting and working for them. Written in 1593 was Shakespeare's initially long sonnet, called Venus and Adonius. At that point in 1594 William composed his second long sonnet called Rape of Lucrece. These two sonnets were composed when the performance centers were shut in light of the exceptionally infectious scourge plague. William Shakespeare started composing plays in the late 1590's. Composing The Taming of the Shrew, The Comedy of Errors, As You Like It, Much Ado About Nothing, and The Two Gentlemen of Verona. The vast majority of these plays were comedies. The main catastrophe he composed around then was Romeo and Juliet. 1599 brought the development of the Globe, which was worked by Shakespeare's organization. The most notable of his catastrophes were performed there. The plays carried on were Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, and King Lear. To be, or not to be-that is the issue: Whether ?tis nobler in the brain to endure The slings and bolts of over the top fortune... (Hamlet in Hamlet) and But delicate, what light through there window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet is the sun. ... (Romeo in Romeo and Juliet) are two of Shakespeare's most axioms. Since the time William Shakespeare turned into a notable writer he had been an affluent man, acquiring cash from a wide range of sources. With all the cash in his ownership he had chosen to purchase a major house in Stratford for his family. This house was called New Place. In the time of 1610 Shakespeare resigned from theater and came back to Stratford to be with his family. His will was composed on March 25, 1616. About one month later, on his

Announcing new faculty for 2015-16 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Announcing new faculty for 2015-16 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Each year, SIPA welcomes new scholars, practitioners and researchers. This year’s newcomers have held positions at the U.S. Treasury; Federal Reserve Bank of New York; White House offices for innovation and for cyber security; office of the Secretary-General of the United Nations; and the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Visiting professors include experts in race and policy, international trade, and monetary policy. We welcome these remarkable people and the expertise they bring to the SIPA community, and highlight a selection below. Economic Policy, Economic Governance, and International Finance Patricia C. (Trish) Mosser, senior research scholar in international finance, is a leading economic researcher with 25 years’ experience at the U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Mosser, who holds a PhD in economics from MIT, serves as founding director of SIPA’s new initiative on central banking, monetary policy, global finance, and prudential practice. Before joining SIPA on June 1, 2015, she spent two years as deputy director in charge of research and analysis for the Office of Financial Research (OFR) at the U.S. Treasury Department. Before moving to OFR, Mosser worked from 1991 to 2013 at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Joining SIPA marks a return to Columbia for Mosser, who taught economics as an assistant professor from 1986 to 1991. Christine Cumming will join SIPA as central banker in residence and part-time senior research scholar; she also will teach a course in spring 2016 as adjunct professor. Cumming retired from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York in June 2015, having served as first vice president â€" the organization’s second-ranking officer and also its chief operating officer â€" since 2004. Over 36 years at the bank Cumming held numerous leadership positions and played a strategic role in various Federal Reserve System initiatives. As first vice president, she led the bank in the development of a comprehensive risk  management program, implementation of the Fedwire modernization program, and establishment of an Office of Diversity and Inclusion. She was also an alternate voting member of the Federal Open Market Committee. Cumming holds a bachelors degree and doctorate in economics from the University of Minnesota. Willem Buiter, adjunct professor of international and public affairs, is chief  economist of Citigroup. Before joining Citigroup, he was a professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Buiter has also been a member of the Monetary Policy Committee of the Bank of England and chief economist and special adviser to the president at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). His previous appointments include positions with the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and other international organizations, national governments, and government agencies, and he has also served since 2005 as an adviser to Goldman Sachs International. Buiter has published widely on subjects such as open economy macroeconomics, monetary and exchange rate theory, fiscal policy, social security, economic development, and transition economies, and has taught at leading universities in the U.S., UK, and Europe. A research fellow of CEPR, the European Economic Association, he obtained his PhD in economics from Yale. Anne Sibert, visiting professor of i  nternational and public affairs, is a professor of economics at Birkbeck, University of London. Sibert is a fellow of CEPR, the European Economic Association, and the Kiel Institute for World Economics. Her main research interests are central bank design, open economy public finance, economic and political aspects of the economic and monetary union in Europe, and the political economy of structural reform. Sibert is a member of the London Times Shadow Monetary Policy Committee and served previously as an external member of the monetary policy committee of the Central Bank of Iceland, the panel of economic and monetary experts for the European Parliament’s Committee for Economic and Monetary Affairs, and the council of economic advisers to the Opposition Front Bench, UK. She was an associate editor of the Economic Journal and Macroeconomic Dynamics. Sibert earned her PhD in economics at Carnegie Mellon University. Race and Policy Harris Beider, a visiting professor at Columbia SIPA, has been professor in  community cohesion at Coventry University since January 2008. Previously he was a senior fellow at the Centre for Urban and Regional Studies at the University of Birmingham and executive director of the Federation of Black Housing Organizations (a network of more than 150 black-led housing and community organizations). Beider has led national projects funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and the Joseph Rowntree Foundation as well as international projects supported by the Rockefeller Foundation (USA) and Daiwa Foundation (Japan). He has published two books and more than 40 articles and served as guest editor for peer review journals. His research has also appeared in The Guardian, The Independent, and The Huffington Post and been discussed on the BBC TV and Radio as well as being cited in Parliamentary reports. Beider has a BA in politics and international studies from the University of Warwick and a PhD in race and housing from the University of Birmingham. Christina Greer, a visiting professor at Columbia SIPA, is an assistant professor of political science at Fordham University Lincoln Center (Manhattan) campus. Her research and teaching focus on American, black ethnic, and urban politics;  Congress; New York City and New York State politics, campaigns, and elections; and public opinion. Her research interests also include mayors and public policy in urban centers. Her previous work has compared criminal activity and political responses in Boston and Baltimore. Greers book Black Ethnics: Race, Immigration, and the Pursuit of the American Dream (Oxford University Press) investigates the increasingly ethnically diverse black populations in the U.S. from Africa and the Caribbean. Greer received her BA from Tufts University and her MA, MPhil, and PhD in political science from Columbia University. Tech and Policy Jason (Jay) Healey, a senior research scholar and director of a new initiative on cyber-conflict housed at the Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies, brings extensive, diverse experience in the public, private, nonprofit, military, and intelligence sectors. He served most recently as director of the Atlantic Council’s Cyber Statecraft Initiative, which focuses on international cooperation, competition, and conflict in cyberspace. From 2003 to 2005 Healey worked in the White House as a director for cyber policy, advising then-President George W. Bush and helping to coordinate U.S. efforts to secure U.S. cyberspace and critical infrastructure. At Goldman Sachs, Healey directed response to cyber attacks and helped build a crisis management structure to deal with natural disasters and other major disruptions. Laura DeNardis, a senior fellow, is a scholar of Internet architecture and governance and a tenured professor in the School of Communication at American University in Washington, D.C. DeNardis is a senior fellow of the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) and serves as the director of research for the Global Commission on Internet Governance. She is an affiliated fellow of the Yale Information Society Project at Yale Law School and served as its executive director from 2008-2011. DeNardis is also a co-founder and co-series editor of the MIT Press Information Society book series. She has previously taught at New York University, in the Volgenau School of Engineering at George Mason University, and at Yale Law School. Hollie Russon Gilman, a post-doctoral scholar, is a founding researcher and organizer for the Open Society Foundations Transparency and Accountability Initiative and Harvards Gettysburg Project to revitalize 21st-century civic engagement. In 2013 she served in the White House as Open Government and Innovation Advisor, where she focused on participatory budgeting and other topics. Gilman has worked as an adviser, researcher, and consultant to numerous nonprofits and foundations including the World Bank, Case Foundation, and Center for Global Development. She earned a PhD in government from Harvard University and an AB from the University of Chicago. Energy Policy Antoine Halff became a senior fellow and director of the Global Oil Markets Research Program at the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University in September 2015. Prior to joining the Center, Halff served as chief oil analyst at the International Energy Agency (IEA) and editor of the monthly Oil Market Report (OMR) and the annual Medium-Term Oil Market Report (MTOMR). He has also served as a lead industry economist at the U.S. Energy Information Administration and as first vice president and head of commodity research at the firms Newedge and Fimat. Earlier in his career, Halff was a reporter at Dow Jones and Petroleum Intelligence Weekly and launched and directed the Global Energy practice at Eurasia Group. Halff is the co-editor of Energy Poverty: Global Challenges and Local Solutions (Oxford University Press, 2014). He earned his master’s degree from the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales in Paris and served as an adjunct professor of international and public affairs at Columbia University from 2006 to 2012. Public Management Alison Wolf, a visiting professor of international and public affairs, is a professor of public management at King’s College London, where she directs the MSc program in public services policy and management. In October 2014 Wolf became a cross-bench peer in the UKs House of Lords, after being nominated by Prime Minister David Cameron. Wolf specializes in the relationship between education and the labor market, with particular interest in training and skills policy, universities, and the medical workforce. Her latest book is The XX Factor: How Working Women Are Creating A New Society (Crown, 2013). She began her career as a policy analyst for the U.S. government, and over the years has been an adviser to numerous public and nonprofit organizations in the UK and abroad. Security Policy Edward C. Luck, MIA ’72, has joined Columbia SIPA as the Arnold A. Saltzman Professor of Professional Practice in International and Public Affairs. As United Nations assistant secretary-general and special adviser to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon from 2008 to 2012, Luck was instrumental in developing and implementing the doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect, which states that the international community’s responsibility to prevent and halt genocide and mass atrocities outweighs the invocation of sovereignty by the perpetrating state. An expert on the UN Security Council, Luck has also held executive roles at the New York-based International Peace Institute and the United Nations Association of the USA. Luck, who served as a professor of professional practice at Columbia SIPA from 2001 through 2010, will also direct the specialization in international conflict resolution. Lieutenant Colonel James Koeppen is the first U.S. Army College Fellow hosted by the Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies at Columbia University. In this position, Koeppen conducts research on national security policy, participates in Columbia SIPA activities, and serves as a resource for its students. Koeppen has served in the U.S. Army for 20 years in the United States, Europe, Kuwait, and Iraq. After holding a military post in Naples, Italy, from 2010 to 2013, he took on his current position of Battalion Commander of the 2nd Engineer Battalion. Koeppen has a BS in criminal justice from Fairmont State University and an MS in military art and science at Air Command and Staff College. Trade and Economic Policy Mari Elka Pangestu, the George Ball Adjunct Professor for fall 2015, served from 2004 to 2011 as Indonesia’s minister of trade and then from 2011 to 2014 as the country’s minister of tourism and creative economy. A specialist in international trade and foreign investment issues, Pangestu has written extensively on banking, finance, and macroeconomic issues. She holds a PhD in economics from the University of California, Davis; over the course of her career she has been active in trade forums such as Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC), and taught at the University of Indonesia. Pangestu, who is the first female Chinese Indonesian to have held a cabinet position and is also a member of the International Council on Women’s Business Leadership, the UNCTAD Secretary General’s panel of eminent persons, the advisory board of the Global Competitiveness Forum (WEF), and the Network of Global Agenda Councils. Pravin Krishna, a visiting professor of Indian political economy and visiting senior research scholar, is the deputy director of the new Deepak and Neera Raj Center on Indian Economic Policies at Columbia SIPA. As Chung Ju Yung Distinguished Professor of International Economics and Business at Johns Hopkins University, Krishna holds a joint appointment in the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) and in the Department of Economics of the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences. Krishna’s research interests include international economics, international political economy, the political economy of policy reform, economic development and the political economy of India. Krishna’s work has been published in numerous journals, and he is the author of Trade Blocs: Economics and Politics (Cambridge, 2005). Krishna holds a BTech from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, and an MA, MPhil, and PhD from Columbia University. Photo   © BEL PEDROSA. SP 25/2/2013 André Pinheiro de Lara Resende, a senior fellow, studies macroeconomics, finance, and fiscal and monetary policy. Resendes career spans more than 30 years in the private and public sectors in Brazil. He currently sits on the international advisory board of Itaú-Unibanco, and has been a partner and director at Banco Garantia, Banco Matrix, and Lanx Capital, and an executive director of Unibanco. Resenda has also served as a professor of economics at PUC-Rio, as a board member of the Central Bank of Brazil, and as president of BNDES, Brazils national bank for social and economic development. As an adviser to President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, he was part of the economic team that developed the Real Plan to stabilize the Brazilian economy in 1994. Resendes most recent book, Devagar e Simples (Companhia das Letras, 2015), examines the modern state and the challenges of development in democracies. He holds a PhD in economics from MIT and he was recognized as Brazils Economist of the Y ear in 2006. *** As you can see, theres a lot of new talent at SIPA this year. Its  always nice to welcome new experts to the campus, especially when it comes to educating our students. And with more than 70 full-time faculty and 200 adjunct professors and professional practitioners on staff, were sure one or two of them will personally inspire you. So, whom do you hope to work with as a future Seeple?

Biography of Elizabeth of York, Queen of England

Elizabeth of York (February 11, 1466–February 11, 1503) was a key figure in Tudor history and in the Wars of the Roses. She was the daughter of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville; Queen of England and Queen Consort of Henry VII; and the mother of Henry VIII, Mary  Tudor, and Margaret Tudor, the only woman in history to have been daughter, sister, niece, wife, and mother to English kings. Fast Facts: Elizabeth of York Known For: Queen of England, mother of Henry VIIIBorn: February 11, 1466 in London, EnglandParents: Edward IV and Elizabeth WoodvilleDied:  February 11, 1503 in London, EnglandEducation: Trained in the palace as a future QueenSpouse: Henry VII  (m. January 18, 1486)Children: Arthur, Prince of Wales (September 20, 1486–April 2, 1502); Margaret Tudor (November 28, 1489–October 18, 1541) who married King James IV of Scotland); Henry VIII, King of England (June 18, 1491–January 28, 1547); Elizabeth (July 2, 1492–September 14, 1495); Mary Tudor (March 18, 1496–June 25, 1533) married King Louis XII of France; Edmund, Duke of Somerset (February 21, 1499–June 19, 1500); and Katherine (February 2, 1503) Early Life Elizabeth of York, known alternatively as Elizabeth Plantagenet, was born on February 11, 1466, at Westminster Palace in London, England. She was the eldest of the nine children of Edward IV, king of England (ruled 1461–1483) and his wife Elizabeth Woodville (sometimes spelled Wydeville). Her parents marriage had created trouble, and her father was briefly deposed in 1470. By 1471, likely challengers to her fathers throne had been defeated and killed. Elizabeths early years were spent in comparative calm, despite the disagreements and battles going on around her. She likely began her formal education in the palace by age 5 or 6, and learned history and alchemy from her father and his library. She and her sisters were taught by ladies-in-waiting, and by observing Elizabeth Woodville in action, the skills and accomplishments considered appropriate for future queens. That included reading and writing in English, mathematics, and household management, as well as needlework, horsemanship, music, and dancing. She spoke some French, but not fluently. In 1469, at the age of 3, Elizabeth was betrothed to George Neville, but it was called off when his father supported Edward VIIs rival, the Earl of Warwick. In August 29, 1475, Elizabeth was 11 and, as part of the Treaty of Picquigny, she became betrothed to Louis XIs son, the Dauphin Charles, who at the time was 5 years old. Louis reneged on the treaty in 1482.   Death of Edward IV In 1483, with the sudden death of her father Edward IV, Elizabeth of York was at the center of the storm, as the eldest child of King Edward IV. Her younger brother was declared Edward V, but because he was 13, his fathers brother Richard Plantagenet was named regent protector. Before Edward V could be crowned, Richard imprisoned him and his younger brother Richard in the Tower of London. Richard Plantagenet took the English crown as Richard III, and had the marriage of Elizabeth of Yorks parents declared invalid, claiming Edward IV had been betrothed before the marriage had occurred. Though Elizabeth of York was by that declaration made illegitimate, Richard III was rumored to have had plans to marry her. Elizabeths mother, Elizabeth Woodville, and Margaret Beaufort, mother of Henry Tudor, a Lancastrian claiming to be heir to the throne, planned another future for Elizabeth of York: marriage to Henry Tudor when he overthrew Richard III. The two princes, the only surviving male heirs of Edward IV, disappeared. Some have assumed that Elizabeth Woodville must have known, or at least guessed, that her sons, the Princes in the Tower, were already dead because she put her efforts into her daughters marriage to Henry Tudor. Henry Tudor Richard III was killed on the battlefield in 1485, and Henry Tudor (Henry VII) succeeded him, declared himself King of England by right of conquest. He delayed some months in marrying the Yorkist heiress, Elizabeth of York, until after his own coronation. They were married in January 1486, gave birth to their first child, Arthur, in September, and she was crowned Queen of England in November 25, 1487. Their marriage established the Tudor dynasty of the British crown. Her marriage to Henry VII brought together the House of Lancaster which Henry VII represented (though he grounded his claim to the crown of England in conquest, not birth), and the House of York, which Elizabeth represented. The symbolism of a Lancastrian king marrying a Yorkist queen brought together the red rose of Lancaster and the white rose of York, ending the Wars of the Roses. Henry adopted the Tudor Rose as his symbol, colored both red and white. Children Elizabeth of York apparently lived peacefully in her marriage. She and Henry had seven children, four surviving to adulthood—a fairly decent percentage for the time. Three of the four became kings or queens in their own right: Margaret Tudor (November 28, 1489–October 18, 1541) who married King James IV of Scotland); Henry VIII, King of England (June 18, 1491–January 28, 1547); Elizabeth (July 2, 1492–September 14, 1495); Mary Tudor (March 18, 1496–June 25, 1533) married King Louis XII of France; Edmund, Duke of Somerset (February 21, 1499–June 19, 1500); and Katherine (February 2, 1503). Their oldest son, Arthur, Prince of Wales (September 20, 1486–April 2, 1502) married Catherine of Aragon, a third cousin of both Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, in 1501. Catherine and Arthur became ill with sweating sickness soon after, and Arthur died in 1502. Death and Legacy Its been surmised that Elizabeth became pregnant again to try to have another male heir for the throne after Arthurs death, in case the surviving son, Henry died. Bearing heirs was, after all, one of the most crucial responsibilities of a queen consort, especially to the hopeful founder of a new dynasty, the Tudors. If so, it was a mistake. Elizabeth of York died in the Tower of London on February 11, 1503, at the age 37, of complications of the birth of her seventh child, a girl named Katherine, who died at birth on February 2. Only three of Elizabeths children survived at her death: Margaret, Henry, and Mary. Elizabeth of York is buried at the Henry VII Lady Chapel, Westminster Abbey. The relationship of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York is not well-documented, but there are several surviving documents which suggest a tender and loving relationship. Henry was said to have withdrawn in sorrow at her death; he never remarried, though it might have been advantageous diplomatically to do so; and he spent lavishly for her funeral, though he was usually quite tight with money. Fictional Representations Elizabeth of York is a character in Shakespeares Richard III. She has little to say there; she is merely a pawn to be married to either Richard III or Henry VII. Because she is the last Yorkist heir (assuming her brothers, the Princes in the Tower, have been killed), her childrens claim to the crown of England will be more secure. Elizabeth of York is also one of the major characters in the 2013 series  The White Queen  and is the key character in 2017 series The White Princess. Elizabeth of Yorks picture is the usual depiction of a queen in card decks. Sources License, Amy. Elizabeth of York: The Forgotten Tudor Queen. Gloucestershire, Amberley Publishing, 2013.Naylor Okerlund, Arlene. Elizabeth of York. New York: St. Martins Press, 2009.Weir, Alison. Elizabeth of York: A Tudor Queen and Her World. New York: Ballantine Books, 2013.

The Theme of Freedom and Childhood in Jane Eyre - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 455 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/04/29 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Childhood Essay Freedom Essay Jane Eyre Essay Did you like this example? Jane Eyre From her trials during childhood with her abusive Aunt and relatives, to her time at Lowood, her affection for Mr. Rochester, and her teaching and encounters with the Rivers. Jane learns many valuable and worthwhile lessons throughout the book. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Theme of Freedom and Childhood in Jane Eyre" essay for you Create order From childhood Jane was forthright, and slowly she learned how to stand up for herself; starting with her reproaching John Reed for hitting her. The outcome of this unfortunately lead to Jane being sent to Lowood an institution for orphans; there it was very harsh, cold, and mean, but Jane was lucky enough to make friends with Helen and also Miss Temple. Jane remained at the school for eight years, six as a student and two as a teacher. Finally with the education she had gained she became a governess at Thornfield Manor for a French girl named Adele. Jane worked under the command of Mr. Rochester. The many events that happen at Thornfield cause Jane to feel many different emotions; joy, despair, frustration, love and hope. She finally becomes a teacher and lives with the Rivers. Later finding out she has an inheritance from her uncle. Which she shares with the Rivers. Theres a lot to this book and Jane changes a lot. from Gateshead to Lowood school, Jane freedom andwas no longer confined to her cruel aunts house. No more bully, no more ignorance and no more loneliness, Jane was able to adjust herself into a normal girl. Through learning from Helen and God, since Lowood School was Christian, Jane realized the sense of obedience. This learning helped her attitude to accept challenges and difficulties, instead of complaining. Her life at Lowood gave her peace even with the poor living condition. From Lowood to Thornfield, even freedom was given both mentally and physically since there were less rules. Jane had to set her own rules and give direction to herself. Her confidence and thoughts caught Mr. Rochesters attention. After the outbreak of Mr. Rochesters former marriage, Jane remained calm. Jane kept aware of her self-worth and left Thornfield to keep learning and to keep searching for her own meaning of life. From Thornfield to Moor house, she lost everything herself. Without the job at Thornfield, she was poor. While she stayed at the Moor House, Jane was given a job to help St. John to manage the school. From Moor House to Ferdean Manor, with her uncles fortune, Jane had become a wealthy, independent, woman. Instead, great difference was made when she was back to help Mr. Rochester. Compared to how she went to him before poor and needing help to now going to the opposite. I told you I am independent, sir, as well as rich: I am my own mistress.

The Road Not Taken Free Essays

The poem â€Å"Road Not Take;† by Robert Frost explores decision making as part of a complex nature of human race involving contradictory emotions of fear for unknown future, regret for the possible wrong choice and acceptance and pride in defining an individual. The lack of foresight and fear for choosing wrongly result the hesitance in making choices. The diverged roads symbolises choosing between two decisions. We will write a custom essay sample on The Road Not Taken or any similar topic only for you Order Now The inverted word order â€Å"long I stood† emphasizes the length of time Frost has taken to try and speculate about the features about each path. However, he fails to comprehend what lays beyond as the second path is â€Å"just as fair† as the first one, revealing the lack of insight contributing to the uncertainty in making decisions. Although the alliteration, â€Å"wanted wear†, hints the second road is not a popular choice, Frost has chosen it to be different, yet his insecurity about the future still makes him doubting his decision with the word choice of â€Å"perhaps†. Although eventually a choice is made, Frost is still unsure his decision and the regret for choosing possibly wrongly. In the title, â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, the word â€Å"not† shows him wandering the result of choosing the well accepted road thus illustrate his regret in choosing the probable harder path. The emotional attachment with â€Å"knowing way leads on to way†, his acknowledges the impossibility to face the same decision again and regret the hardship faced in the unconventional path. The exclamation mark in â€Å"Oh, I kept the first for another day† expresses his desire to have an opportunity to re-choose. After experiencing the fear and regret in making decision, the tone of poem turns and accepted towards end of the poem. The phrase of road â€Å"less travelled by† illustrates his gratification to be different and accept his unique choosing. The enjambment of â€Å"I-/ I took the one less travelled by† emphasises on â€Å"I†, which demonstrates a sense of pride in being who he is. The poem ends with â€Å"all the difference† reveals his recognition of his less accepted choice defining who he is as an individual. The complex nature of decision making is explored in â€Å"Road Not Taken† thoroughly with effective techniques. Lack of foresight results fear for choosing wrongly and ambivalent decisions. Regrets for making the less chosen road leaves one to wander the result of the widely accepted road. Making decision involves acceptance and pride also as it defines an individual separate from others. Decision making can happen uncountable times in a lifetime and determination and unique thoughts are required no matter which road one chooses. How to cite The Road Not Taken, Essay examples

The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey Essay Example

The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey Paper Women play an important role in the epic, The Odyssey, written by Homer. Set in a period subsequent to the Trojan War, the accounts of Odysseus and his trials and tribulations feature four main types of women: the goddess, the seductress, the witch and the good wife. Each of these portrays the role of women in a different way, some in complete contrast to the actual civilization of the period. Ancient Greece was very much a patriarchal society. Men were regarded as of higher status than women, and were seen as the stronger gender. Sports were reserved purely for men, as were literature, politics and philosophy. Typically, a woman was judged, not by her own achievements, but by the wealth and status of her father or husband. A woman would be forced to be married at a young age, keep the house for her husband and have children. Usually, ancient Greek women were not educated, although in Athens, women were taught to read, at school or at home, simple facts on mythology, religion and occasionally musical instruments and as with most other places in ancient Greece, they learnt the basics of the household; spinning, weaving, sewing, cooking and other household jobs. The immortal goddesses contrast with the distinctive characteristics of an ancient Greek woman in the Odyssey. Athena, goddess of wisdom, for example, addresses the Gods, including her father, despite the traditions of status. By ignoring these traditions, Athena shows her strength and confidence. It seems she is outspoken, and is more a typical representation of a modern day woman than that of ancient Greece. Throughout the book, Athena shows considerable pity for Odysseus, despite the fact that men were supposedly the stronger gender: she used her persuasion to encourage the gods to reconsider their destiny for him, and set him free from Calypsos island, and she inspired thoughts for Odysseus when he is enduring the wrath of Poseidon on his journey to the island of the Phaeacians. At this point, Athena interrupts Odysseus negative thoughts of being colliding with rough rocks, to give him the idea of holding onto one of the rocks as the waves crashed against them. We will write a custom essay sample on The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Portrayal of Women in the Odyssey specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Not only does she stir notions within Odysseus, but Athena aids him more subtly by promoting thoughts in other people. For example, when Odysseus is washed up on Scherie, Athena appears in Nausicaas dream as one of her friends. She persuades her that she should go and wash her clothes in the river, which is where she first encounters Odysseus, and aids him in his ongoing quest by taking him to her parents for hospitality. The second of woman is the seductress. The Nymph Calypso saves Odysseus when he is washed upon the shore of her island, and keeps him as a sexual prisoner for 7 years, offering immortality in return for him staying with her. She is a perfect example of how women could be powerful against man, yet still be overruled. This is because when she keeps Odysseus captive on Ogygia, Odysseus has no power to do any different. However, it is Zeus final decision that he should be released from her island, and Hermes, messenger to the gods, who tells her. These are both men making her do something she doesnt want to, but she has to obey them, which is a reflection of the ancient Greek traditions. Additionally, Calypso is also seen as the model hostess, offering her guest ambrosia, nectar and clothes. She does this with ease and pleasure, as she even offers Hermes these things before asking why he had come to see her. She is seen to be immoral by sleeping with a married man, yet to simultaneously have good manners, portraying the complexity of women which wasnt recognised in ancient Greek society. Also a seductress, but concurrently a witch, Circe is firstly portrayed as deceitful and cunning. She lures Odysseus men into her house before turning them into pigs. Her trickery shows her to be independent and strong-minded, although she is then proven to be weaker than men when Odysseus arrives. Contrasted against his bravery in Book 10, Circe displays cowardice when confronted by Odysseus after he has eaten the drug of real virtue from Hermes to protect him from the witches black magic. Circe then tries to seduce Odysseus, but he abstains until he can secure an oath between himself and the witch. She, however, shows a complete disregard for men by turning them all into pigs, then putting her own desires before their freedom, and this shows that Circe also possesses completely contradictory characteristics from the ancient Greek women. On the other hand, when Odysseus demonstrates his power by pulling out his sword, Circe collapses to her knees and bursts into tears, proving that it is Odysseus who holds the authority at this point. Daughter of King Alcinous, Nausicaa, is presented as a mature person, as she is unmarried, therefore young, and yet she doesnt run away when she sees Odysseus naked by the river. She instructs her maids to give him clothes, and he responds to this by not hugging her knees and begging for help, like he first thought of doing. This shows that Nausicaa is well-respected. She also cares about her image as a virtuous woman, because when Odysseus travels to the palace with her, he has to walk behind her, so that people didnt think they were together. Also, when Nausicaa takes Odysseus to meet her parents so that he can receive help from them, she insists he meet her mother first as opposed to her father. This demonstrates her respect for her mother, and her understanding of the way in which the system should work, but the knowledge of how it actually does. Finally, the good hostess and wife are portrayed by Penelope. Even after 20 years, she has stayed loyal to Odysseus by stalling the suitors. This is also quite devious, as she leads them into thinking that once she finishes her weaving, shell marry one of them, except every night she undoes all that she achieved that day. This is the side of her which seems unlike that of the women of ancient Greece. However, parallel to the ancient Greek traditions of statuses between genders, Penelope is reprimanded by her own son. She is told to go to her room and stop making decisions because that was his concern as he was the man of t he house. Without any confrontation, she resigned as returned to her room. This shows that Penelope is contrasted with the other women portrayed in The Odyssey, because she is comparable to the ancient Greek society, whereas Athena, Calypso, Circe and Nausicaa are dissimilar. In conclusion, women in The Odysseus are mostly portrayed as strong-willed and open-minded people with their own thoughts and opinions. Although some are immortal, and supposedly free of human emotion, they feel loss, anger and fear, and can make love to mortal men. Their strength of character is displayed with their ability and willingness to differentiate from the periodic stereotypes of women, although in the end, they almost always surrender to the ancient Greek patriarchal culture. If these charcters were to be placed in the ancient Greek society, I think that they would be discarded from the civilization, except for Penelope who would integrate into the culture with her conceded attitude towards the men around her.